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His other scientific contributions include the accurate determination of the densities of 18 different To several aspects of physical and economic geography in this book. He has also made considerable contribution In this book, he has discussed the rotation of the earth and has givenĬorrect values of latitudes and longitudes of various places. In another well-knownīook al-Athar al-Baqia, he has attempted a connected account of ancient history of nations and the The book discusses several theories ofĪstronomy, trigonometry, solar, lunar, and planetary motions and relative topics. On his return from India, al-Biruni wrote his famous book Qanun-i Masoodi (al-Qanun al-Masudi, fiĪl-Hai'a wa al-Nujum), which he dedicated to Sultan Masood.
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Observed that the Indus valley must be considered as an ancient sea basin filled up with alluvials. His descriptions of India were so complete that even the Aein-i-Akbari written byĪbu-al- Fadal during the reign of Akbar, 600 years later, owes a great deal to al-Biruni's book. With the creation of things and their types, and the second, Patanjal dealing with what happens after the Makes a mention of having translated two Sanskrit books into Arabic, one called Sakaya, which deals He recorded observations of his travels through India in his well-known book Kitab al-Hind which givesĪ graphic account of the historical and social conditions of the sub-continent. Having spent 40 years in thus gathering knowledge and making his own original contributions to it. He learnt Hindu philosophy, mathematics, geography and religion from thre Pandits to whom he taught Greek and Arabic science and philosophy.